In this video, I’ll show you how to build a custom Grafana monitoring dashboard for your OPNSense firewall from scratch. We’ll dive into PromQL basics, explore the difference between counters and gauges, and create beautiful visualization panels for CPU, memory, disk, network traffic, and firewall statistics. If you’ve ever struggled to find the perfect pre-built dashboard or wanted to understand how to craft your own custom queries and styles, this tutorial will guide you through the entire process step by step.
References:
- Part 1 - OPNSense Monitoring Stack Setup: https://youtu.be/F3mvWIPTPjY
- Prometheus Documentation: https://prometheus.io/docs/
- Grafana Documentation: https://grafana.com/docs/
- OPNSense Exporter by AthenasMind: https://github.com/AthenasMind/opnsense-exporter
My Grafana Dashboard JSON#
{
"__inputs": [
{
"name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
"label": "Prometheus",
"description": "",
"type": "datasource",
"pluginId": "prometheus",
"pluginName": "Prometheus"
}
],
"__elements": {},
"__requires": [
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "bargauge",
"name": "Bar gauge",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "gauge",
"name": "Gauge",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "grafana",
"id": "grafana",
"name": "Grafana",
"version": "12.1.0"
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "heatmap",
"name": "Heatmap",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "datasource",
"id": "prometheus",
"name": "Prometheus",
"version": "1.0.0"
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "stat",
"name": "Stat",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "status-history",
"name": "Status history",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "table",
"name": "Table",
"version": ""
},
{
"type": "panel",
"id": "timeseries",
"name": "Time series",
"version": ""
}
],
"annotations": {
"list": [
{
"builtIn": 1,
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"enable": true,
"hide": true,
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
"name": "Annotations & Alerts",
"type": "dashboard"
}
]
},
"description": "Comprehensive monitoring dashboard designed for the OPNSense firewall/router operating system. It displays system and network metrics collected from Prometheus.",
"editable": true,
"fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
"graphTooltip": 1,
"id": null,
"links": [],
"panels": [
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 0
},
"id": 76,
"panels": [],
"title": "System Status",
"type": "row"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"fieldMinMax": false,
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
}
]
},
"unit": "s"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 3,
"w": 7,
"x": 0,
"y": 1
},
"id": 75,
"options": {
"colorMode": "value",
"graphMode": "none",
"justifyMode": "auto",
"orientation": "auto",
"percentChangeColorMode": "standard",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showPercentChange": false,
"textMode": "auto",
"wideLayout": true
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "(time() - node_boot_time_seconds{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"})",
"legendFormat": "__auto",
"range": true,
"refId": "A",
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
}
}
],
"title": "Uptime",
"type": "stat"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"description": "Status points of services uptime\n\n1 - Available \n0 - Unavailable",
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"custom": {
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"fillOpacity": 59,
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"lineWidth": 2
},
"mappings": [
{
"options": {
"0": {
"color": "semi-dark-red",
"index": 1,
"text": "Down"
},
"1": {
"color": "semi-dark-green",
"index": 0,
"text": "Up"
}
},
"type": "value"
}
],
"max": 1,
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
}
]
},
"unit": "none"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 9,
"w": 17,
"x": 7,
"y": 1
},
"id": 83,
"maxDataPoints": 100,
"options": {
"colWidth": 1,
"legend": {
"displayMode": "table",
"placement": "bottom",
"showLegend": false
},
"rowHeight": 1,
"showValue": "never",
"tooltip": {
"hideZeros": false,
"mode": "single",
"sort": "none"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"exemplar": false,
"expr": "opnsense_services_status{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"format": "heatmap",
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "{{name}}",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Services Status History",
"type": "status-history"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "continuous-GrYlRd"
},
"custom": {
"axisBorderShow": false,
"axisCenteredZero": false,
"axisColorMode": "text",
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"barWidthFactor": 0.6,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 28,
"gradientMode": "scheme",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"insertNulls": false,
"lineInterpolation": "smooth",
"lineWidth": 2,
"pointSize": 1,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "auto",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 80
}
]
}
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 7,
"x": 0,
"y": 4
},
"id": 17,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [],
"displayMode": "list",
"placement": "bottom",
"showLegend": false
},
"tooltip": {
"hideZeros": false,
"mode": "single",
"sort": "none"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_cpu_temperature_celsius{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\",cpu=\"0\"}",
"legendFormat": "CPU Temperature",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Temperature",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"collapsed": false,
"gridPos": {
"h": 1,
"w": 24,
"x": 0,
"y": 10
},
"id": 37,
"panels": [],
"title": "System Health",
"type": "row"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 1,
"mappings": [],
"max": 1,
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 70
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 90
}
]
},
"unit": "percentunit"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 0,
"y": 11
},
"id": 1,
"options": {
"minVizHeight": 75,
"minVizWidth": 75,
"orientation": "auto",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"sizing": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "avg without (cpu) (\n sum without (mode) (\n rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\",mode!=\"idle\"}[$__rate_interval])\n )\n)",
"legendFormat": "CPU Usage",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "CPU Usage",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds",
"seriesBy": "last"
},
"custom": {
"axisBorderShow": false,
"axisCenteredZero": false,
"axisColorMode": "text",
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"barWidthFactor": 0.6,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 43,
"gradientMode": "scheme",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"insertNulls": false,
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineStyle": {
"fill": "solid"
},
"lineWidth": 2,
"pointSize": 1,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "auto",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"max": 1,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "percentage",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 30
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 60
}
]
},
"unit": "percentunit"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 9,
"x": 3,
"y": 11
},
"id": 73,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [],
"displayMode": "list",
"placement": "bottom",
"showLegend": false
},
"tooltip": {
"hideZeros": false,
"mode": "single",
"sort": "none"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "avg without (cpu) (\n sum without (mode) (\n rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\",mode!=\"idle\"}[$__rate_interval])\n )\n)",
"legendFormat": "{{label_name}}",
"range": true,
"refId": "A",
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
}
}
],
"title": "CPU Utilization",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisBorderShow": false,
"axisCenteredZero": false,
"axisColorMode": "text",
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"barWidthFactor": 0.6,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 100,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"insertNulls": false,
"lineInterpolation": "stepBefore",
"lineStyle": {
"fill": "solid"
},
"lineWidth": 0,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": true,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 80
}
]
},
"unit": "short"
},
"overrides": [
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "load 1m"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"fixedColor": "purple",
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "load 5m"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"fixedColor": "#5794F2",
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "load 15m"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"fixedColor": "#77c8d9",
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
}
]
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 12,
"x": 12,
"y": 11
},
"id": 9,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [],
"displayMode": "list",
"placement": "bottom",
"showLegend": false
},
"tooltip": {
"hideZeros": false,
"mode": "multi",
"sort": "none"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_load1{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"legendFormat": "load 1m",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_load5{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"hide": false,
"legendFormat": "load 5m",
"range": true,
"refId": "B"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_load15{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"hide": false,
"legendFormat": "load 15m",
"range": true,
"refId": "C"
}
],
"title": "Load Average",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 1,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 70
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 90
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 0,
"y": 17
},
"id": 2,
"options": {
"minVizHeight": 75,
"minVizWidth": 75,
"orientation": "auto",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"sizing": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "((node_memory_active_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"} + \nnode_memory_wired_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}) / \nnode_memory_size_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}) * 100",
"legendFormat": "Memory Usage",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Memory Usage",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisBorderShow": false,
"axisCenteredZero": false,
"axisColorMode": "text",
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"barWidthFactor": 0.6,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 40,
"gradientMode": "none",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"insertNulls": false,
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineWidth": 2,
"pointSize": 5,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "never",
"spanNulls": true,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "normal"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 80
}
]
},
"unit": "bytes"
},
"overrides": [
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "System Reserved Memory"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"fixedColor": "#77c8d9",
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "Active Memory"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"fixedColor": "blue",
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "File Cache (ZFS ARC)"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"fixedColor": "purple",
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
},
{
"matcher": {
"id": "byName",
"options": "Inactive Memory"
},
"properties": [
{
"id": "color",
"value": {
"mode": "fixed"
}
}
]
}
]
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 9,
"x": 3,
"y": 17
},
"id": 24,
"options": {
"legend": {
"calcs": [],
"displayMode": "list",
"placement": "bottom",
"showLegend": true
},
"tooltip": {
"hideZeros": false,
"mode": "multi",
"sort": "desc"
}
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_memory_wired_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"hide": false,
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "System Reserved Memory",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_memory_active_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"hide": false,
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "Active Memory",
"range": true,
"refId": "B"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_zfs_arcstats_size_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"hide": false,
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "File Cache (ZFS ARC)",
"range": true,
"refId": "C"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "node_memory_inactive_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}",
"hide": false,
"instant": false,
"legendFormat": "Inactive Memory",
"range": true,
"refId": "D"
}
],
"title": "Memory Usage",
"type": "timeseries"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "thresholds"
},
"decimals": 1,
"mappings": [],
"max": 100,
"min": 0,
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "yellow",
"value": 50
},
{
"color": "red",
"value": 80
}
]
},
"unit": "percent"
},
"overrides": []
},
"gridPos": {
"h": 6,
"w": 3,
"x": 12,
"y": 17
},
"id": 3,
"options": {
"minVizHeight": 75,
"minVizWidth": 75,
"orientation": "auto",
"reduceOptions": {
"calcs": [
"lastNotNull"
],
"fields": "",
"values": false
},
"showThresholdLabels": false,
"showThresholdMarkers": true,
"sizing": "auto"
},
"pluginVersion": "12.1.0",
"targets": [
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"editorMode": "code",
"expr": "(node_memory_swap_used_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"} / node_memory_swap_size_bytes{instance=\"$opnsense_instance\"}) * 100",
"legendFormat": "Swap Usage",
"range": true,
"refId": "A"
}
],
"title": "Swap Usage",
"type": "gauge"
},
{
"datasource": {
"type": "prometheus",
"uid": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}"
},
"fieldConfig": {
"defaults": {
"color": {
"mode": "palette-classic"
},
"custom": {
"axisBorderShow": false,
"axisCenteredZero": false,
"axisColorMode": "text",
"axisLabel": "",
"axisPlacement": "auto",
"barAlignment": 0,
"barWidthFactor": 0.6,
"drawStyle": "line",
"fillOpacity": 25,
"gradientMode": "opacity",
"hideFrom": {
"legend": false,
"tooltip": false,
"viz": false
},
"insertNulls": false,
"lineInterpolation": "linear",
"lineStyle": {
"fill": "solid"
},
"lineWidth": 2,
"pointSize": 1,
"scaleDistribution": {
"type": "linear"
},
"showPoints": "auto",
"spanNulls": false,
"stacking": {
"group": "A",
"mode": "none"
},
"thresholdsStyle": {
"mode": "off"
}
},
"mappings": [],
"thresholds": {
"mode": "absolute",
"steps": [
{
"color": "green",
"value": 0
},
{
"color": "#EAB839",
"value": 30
},
{
"color": "red",
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"query": "label_values(opnsense_interfaces_received_bytes_total,interface)",
"refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
},
"refresh": 1,
"regex": "",
"type": "query"
},
{
"current": {},
"definition": "label_values(opnsense_gateways_info,name)",
"label": "Gateway",
"multi": true,
"name": "gateway",
"options": [],
"query": {
"qryType": 1,
"query": "label_values(opnsense_gateways_info,name)",
"refId": "PrometheusVariableQueryEditor-VariableQuery"
},
"refresh": 1,
"regex": "",
"type": "query"
}
]
},
"time": {
"from": "now-1h",
"to": "now"
},
"timepicker": {},
"timezone": "browser",
"title": "OPNSense Monitoring",
"uid": "test",
"version": 99,
"weekStart": ""
}
